ĭata were retrospectively collected by electronic medical records reviews, consisting of ED admission charts, electronic hospital records, and/or discharge data for all surgical patients to repair an IF in an urban, Level I regional trauma center that ranked among the national top 10. Finally, the great variety in the length of the follow-up may have contributed to the inconsistent findings in different study populations ultimately, it cannot be determined which of the TOAs yield a more favorable outcome or in which patients the TOA may condition the outcome after surgery. In addition, the majority of studies examined mortality after hip fracture surgery, whereas little attention has been directed to showing the effect of TOA on prognosis and complications involving multiple systems. The reason may be that previous studies tend to include all hip fracture patients regardless of their age, fracture type, and internal fixation type, which can complicate the analysis of the risks associated with anesthesia and mortality.

However, the choice of TOA in hip fracture surgery in geriatric patients is still inconclusive. The type of anesthesia (TOA), as one modifiable risk factor affecting patient outcomes, is of great importance. The clinical innovation of this study was the potential value of GA for patients with cardiac diseases and of RA for patients with pulmonary diseases.Įven though frail patients have been managed in significant ways over the past few decades, there is still room for improvement.

No significant difference was observed in mortality, functional outcomes, and other complications (all p > 0.05).

We also observed that the GA group has a higher rate of pulmonary complications, while the RA group has a higher rate of cardiac complications ( p = 0.017 and 0.011, respectively). Patients receiving GA were more prone to have a shorter duration for their operation and higher total hospital costs than patients with RA ( p = 0.034 and 0.004, respectively). After screening 2934 consecutive patients, 2170 were ultimately included, including 841 in the GA group and 1329 in the RA group. In this retrospective analysis of surgically treated intertrochanteric fracture patients, we used propensity score matching (PSM) to investigate whether clinically relevant differences in outcomes were observed in mortality, complications, and functional outcomes between RA and GA. The main question is not whether regional anesthesia (RA) or general anesthesia (GA) is superior, but in which patients the type of anesthesia may affect the outcome after surgery. The choice of the type of anesthesia (TOA) used in hip fracture surgery in older adults is still controversial.

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